Semiconductors supply chain map: who makes each part, and where

A chip starts as a polished silicon wafer, is patterned layer by layer in a fab with photomasks, gases and chemicals, then cut, mounted on a substrate, wired, molded and tested. Behind the fab stand the tool makers that equip it.

CHIPS Act guardrails and export controls attach to specific companies and countries along that chain. A buyer or an award recipient has to know not only the fab but its suppliers and its tools.

The Verdex semiconductor map shows the companies at every step of this chain, where their plants are, and how each stands under the rules that apply to the sector. Each step below opens its own page: what happens at that step, who does it, and where. How a chip is made, step by step.